The Company generates most of its revenue through e-commerce portals to consumers, as well as wholesale distribution of its products and accessories to dealers/distributors and retail stores.  The Company also sells products to large end-users such as private security companies and law enforcement agencies.  The Company does not manufacture or sell any products regulated by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives or for military applications. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of goods to the customer, which generally occurs when title to goods is passed and risk of loss transfers to the customer. Depending on the contract terms, transfer of control is upon shipment of goods to or upon the customer’s pick-up of the goods. Payment terms to customers other than e-commerce customers are generally 30-60 days for established customers, whereas new wholesale and large end-user customers have prepaid terms for their first order. The amount of revenue recognized is net of returns and discounts that the Company offers to its customers. Products purchased include a standard warranty that cannot be purchased separately. This allows customers to return defective products for repair or replacement within one year of sale. The Company also sells an extended warranty for the same terms over three years. The extended 3-year warranty can be purchased separately from the product and is classified as a service warranty. Since a warranty for the first year after sale is included and non-separable from all launcher purchases, the Company considers this extended warranty to represent a service obligation during the second and third years after sale. Therefore, the Company accumulates billings of these transactions on the balance sheet as deferred revenue, to be recognized on a straight-line basis during the second and third year after sale. The Company recognizes an estimated reserve based on its analysis of historical experience, and an evaluation of current market conditions. 

The Company offers e-commerce customers a 14-day money-back guarantee, which allows for a full refund of the purchase price, excluding shipping charges, within 14 days from the date of delivery.  The right of return creates a variable component to the transaction price and needs to be considered for any possible constraints. The Company estimates returns using the expected value method, as there will likely be a range of potential return amounts. The Company’s reserve for returns under the 14-day money back guarantee for the three and nine months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 was immaterial.

The Company does not offer a money-back guarantee to dealers or retailers. These customers  may request a return or credit for unforeseen reasons or may have agreed discounts or allowances to be netted from amounts invoiced. Accordingly, the Company reserves for returns, discounts and allowances based on past performance and on agreement terms and reports revenue net of the estimated reserve.  The Company's reserve for returns, discounts, and allowances for the three and nine months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 was immaterial.

The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products. Shipping and handling costs associated with the distribution of finished products to customers, are recorded in operating expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and are recognized when the product is shipped to the customer.

Included as cost of goods sold are costs associated with the production and procurement of products, such as labor and overhead, inbound freight costs, manufacturing depreciation, purchasing and receiving costs, and inspection costs.

Accounts Receivable

The Company records accounts receivables due from dealers/distributers, large end-users such as retail stores, security companies, and law enforcement agencies.  Accounts receivable, net of allowances, was $2.1 million, $2.9 million and $5.9 million as of  August 31, 2024,  November 30, 2023, and  November 30, 2022, respectively.

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses

The Company estimates the balance of its allowance for expected credit losses. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Company considers historical collectability based on past due status and makes judgments about the creditworthiness of customers based on ongoing credit evaluations. The Company also considers customer-specific information, current market conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. Account balances are written off against the allowance when it is determined that the receivable will not be recovered.  As of August 31, 2024,  November 30, 2023, and November 30, 2022, the total allowance for credit losses recorded was $0.3 million, $0.5 million and less than $0.02 million, respectively.  

Deferred Revenue

The balance of deferred revenue, which relate to unfulfilled e-commerce orders and amounts to be recognized under extended 3-year service warranty, as of  August 31, 2024 and  August 31, 2023 was $0.8 million and $0.8 million, respectively, and $1.9 million and $0.8 million as of  November 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The Company recognized warranty revenue totaling $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended  August 31, 2024 and $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended  August 31, 2023.  

Revenue Disaggregation

The following table presents disaggregation of the Company’s revenue by distribution channel (in thousands):