In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”), to enhance the transparency and comparability of financial reporting related to leasing arrangements. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 on December 1, 2019, or the effective date, and used the effective date as its date of initial application. 

At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present. Most leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. The Company has elected not to recognize on the balance sheet leases with terms of one year or less. Operating lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected remaining lease term. However, certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid rent. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rates, which are the rates incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.

In accordance with the guidance in ASU 2016-02, components of a lease should be separated into three categories: lease components (e.g., building), non-lease components (e.g., common area maintenance), and non-components (e.g., property taxes and insurance). Then the fixed and in-substance fixed contract consideration (including any related to non-components) must be allocated based on fair values to the lease components and non-lease components.

Although separation of lease and non-lease components is required, certain practical expedients are available. Entities may elect the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components. Rather, they would account for each lease component and the related non-lease component together as a single component. The Company has elected to account for the lease and non-lease components of each of its operating leases as a single lease component and allocate all of the contract consideration to the lease component only. The lease component results in an operating right-of-use asset being recorded on the balance sheet and amortized on a straight-line basis as lease expense.

The Company has operating leases for real estate in the United States and South Africa, and does not have any finance leases.

In 2019, the Company had entered into a real estate lease for office space in Wilmington/Andover, Massachusetts. The Company is involved in the construction and design of the space and anticipates that it will incur construction costs, subject to an allowance for tenant improvements of up to $210,490. Amounts paid in excess of the allowance are considered fixed lease payments, and the right-of-use asset and the corresponding operating lease liability are increased by the present value of such payments. As of August 31, 2020, $119,344 has been paid in excess of the allowance. The lease expiration date is August 31, 2026. The base rent is $114,180 per year, subject to an annual upward adjustment. The lease commencement date, for accounting purposes, was reached in April 2020 when the Company was granted access to the premises and therefore the lease is included in the Company’s operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liabilities as of August 31, 2020.

During July 2020, the Company entered into a lease for warehouse space in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The lease expires on July 31, 2025. The base rent is $7,740 per month.

Certain of the Company’s leases contain options to renew and extend lease terms and options to terminate leases early. Reflected in the right-of-use asset and lease liability on the Company’s balance sheets are the periods provided by renewal and extension options that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, as well as the periods provided by termination options that the Company is reasonably certain to not exercise.

As of August 31, 2020, right-of-use assets of $1,220,725, current lease liabilities of $227,272, and non-current lease liabilities of $866,365 are reflected in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The elements of lease expense were as follows:

 The above lease commitments reflect annual escalation.